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Dermatophytes are fungi in the genera Microsporum, Tricophyton and Epidermophyton, capable of metabolizing keratin found in skin, hair and nails of living hosts. Though PCR is currently being investigated as means of diagnosis, culture diagnosis using selective media is considered the “Golden standard”! Colony morphology, media color change, and microscopic morphology are the best indicators to differentiate pathogens from contaminants.
A peer reviewed article by Selene A. Jones, DVM and Elizabeth R. May, DVM, DACVD
University of Tennessee
Karen A. Moriello, DVM, Diplomate ACVD
University of Wisconsin–Madison
Dermatophytes are fungi in the genera Microsporum, Tricophyton and Epidermophyton. They are capable of metabolizing keratin found in skin, hair and nails of living hosts. The fungi characteristically may invade the cutaneous tissue of the living host but rarely penetrate the subcutaneous tissue. Tinea and ringworm are two terms commonly used to describe dermatophytes.
Fungal culture is the most accurate means of diagnosis. Biomed's InTray Dermatophyte media has a ‘presumptive’ dermatophyte positive color change indicator, phenol red. Dermatophyte fungi generally turn media from yellow to red as soon as the fungal colony can be seen with the naked eye.
InTray improves efficiency because the culture can be scanned directly for fungal hyphae that have distinguishing morphology (micro/macro conidia) that may be worth the effort of further work-up. For some species of fungi, diagnostic morphology can be distinguished from InTray 100x magnification alone. Biomed can provide photo validation.
A color change may occasionally be produced by a specimen heavily contaminated with saprophytic fungi or bacteria. However, differentiation from dermatophytes can be made as follows:
Dermatophytes are fungi in the genera Microsporum, Tricophyton and Epidermophyton. They are capable of metabolizing keratin found in skin, hair and nails of living hosts. The fungi characteristically may invade the cutaneous tissue of the living host but rarely penetrate the subcutaneous tissue. Tinea and ringworm are two terms commonly used to describe dermatophytes
Diagnostic microbiology in veterinary dermatology: Present and Future
Guardabassi_et_al-2017-Veterinary_Dermatology
Medical Mycologists know that fungal culture is a critical to accurate diagnosis of fungal pathogens.
Preliminary results from the evaluation of a simple diagnostic procedure for the detection of dermatophytes in companion animals.
Comparative study of different microscopic techniques and culture media for the isolation of dermatophytes.